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Vehicle Registration & Road Tax Platform — Caribbean Kingdom context

Governance & Legal Framework

This section summarises the legal and governance framework so that the platform is legally enforceable, operationally correct, and jurisdiction-compliant for Bonaire, Curaçao, Sint-Maarten, Saba, and Sint-Eustatius. It is intended for government stakeholders, legal advisors, and senior engineers. Full detail is in docs/LEGAL_GOVERNANCE_CARIBBEAN.md.

VERIFIED · INFERRED · REQUIRES CONFIRMATION

1. Jurisdictions & competent authorities

The platform supports five jurisdictions. Per island, the following authorities typically apply (legal basis to be confirmed per island):

Bonaire (BES)

Registration: RCN or designated Bonaire service. Tax: Belastingdienst Caribisch Nederland (B/CN). Police: Korps Politie Caribisch Nederland. Island: Openbaar Lichaam Bonaire.

Curaçao

Registration: RDW Curaçao or equivalent. Tax: Belastingdienst Curaçao. Police: Korps Politie Curaçao (KPC). Island: Regering van Curaçao.

Sint-Maarten

Registration: Department of Transport / DMV equivalent. Tax: Tax Authority Sint-Maarten. Police: Korps Politie Sint-Maarten (KPSM). Island: Regering van Sint-Maarten.

Saba (BES)

Same pattern as Bonaire: RCN, B/CN, Politie, Openbaar Lichaam Saba.

Sint-Eustatius / Statia (BES)

Same pattern as Bonaire: RCN, B/CN, Politie, Openbaar Lichaam Sint-Eustatius.

The European Netherlands RDW is not the competent authority in these jurisdictions unless explicitly provided by local or Kingdom law.

2. Legal status → system status

The platform maps legal concepts to system states. Road use is allowed only when registration and plate are ACTIVE and (per island) insurance and inspection are valid. Road tax liability follows ACTIVE registration + ACTIVE plate.

  • REGISTERED — Entered, not yet road-legal.
  • ACTIVE — Road-legal (if insurance/inspection ok). Tax liable.
  • SUSPENDED — Formally suspended; no road use; no tax from suspension.
  • BLOCKED — Block due to arrears or enforcement; no road use.
  • EXPORTED — Vehicle exported; plate void.
  • SCRAPPED — Permanently scrapped.
  • TERMINATED — Registration ended.

Plate status: ACTIVE | SURRENDERED | LOST | STOLEN | EXPORTED. Seizure/immobilisation is allowed for BLOCKED, STOLEN, or beslag (court/authority).

Transitions (e.g. activate, suspend, terminate, set stolen, ownership transfer) require a formal decision, documentation, and mandatory audit logging.

3. Role-based authority (enforcement in platform)

Each role has defined permissions. Police and municipal lookups require purposeCode; police actions require caseRef. All writes are logged.

SUPER_ADMIN — Platform-wide administration.
JURISDICTION_ADMIN — Administration within one island.
REGISTRATION_CLERK — Plate issue, registrations, transfers.
TAX_OFFICER — Assessments, waivers, payment status.
INSPECTOR — Inspection results (e.g. APK equivalent).
INSURER_SYSTEM — Report/verify insurance (M2M).
POLICE_OFFICER — Lookup (caseRef required); set/clear stolen flag if authorised.
MUNICIPAL_OFFICER — Municipal lookup and enforcement.
AUDITOR / READ_ONLY — Read-only; audit logs and reports.

Multi-party approval can be configured (e.g. high-value waiver, ownership transfer). Irreversible actions (termination, surrender, void) are audit-only reversible.

4. Ownership, insurance & tax

Ownership

Legal owner (eigenaar) vs holder (houder): holder is typically MRB-liable. Transfer requires identity check, proof of transfer, and is logged. Duplicate ownership is prevented; VIN is unique per jurisdiction.

Insurance

Per island: insurance may be required to activate or maintain registration. Platform verifies via API or upload; status VALID/EXPIRED/CANCELLED/UNVERIFIED. Expired or revoked can trigger suspension or block per jurisdiction config.

Road tax (MRB)

Assessment periods (e.g. annual/quarterly/monthly) are configurable per jurisdiction. Enforcement: reminder → penalty → block renewal/registration. Blocking and seizure are lawful when permitted by local regulation; platform logs all actions.

5. Audit & legal defensibility

  • Chain of custody: every mutation is written with audit log and optional event; no silent updates.
  • Audit log: actor, action, entity, before/after, purpose, case_ref, correlation_id, timestamp. Append-only, retention per policy.
  • Non-repudiation: ownership changes, tax assessments, and enforcement actions are tied to actor and correlation_id.
  • Privacy (AVG / local): purpose-bound access, encryption where applicable, retention and deletion per policy.
  • Administrative law: full traceability for objections and appeals; corrections only with reason and audit.

6. Risks & assumptions

  • Legal bases (Landsverordening, island ordinances) must be confirmed per island. Mandatory insurance and inspection rules vary; platform is config-driven.
  • Ministerial or island decrees may be required to designate competent authorities and to adopt purpose/case-ref rules.
  • Impound, physical seizure, and court-ordered beslag remain with the competent authority; platform records and flags.

Assumptions vs verified facts

All legal findings in the full document are tagged VERIFIED, INFERRED, or UNKNOWN. Legal verification per island with local counsel is required before go-live. The platform enforces separation of powers, audit, and configurable rules so that each jurisdiction can align with local law.

Authorized personnel

Platform access is restricted to authorized users. Log in for back office or police portal.

Het volledige document staat in docs/LEGAL_GOVERNANCE_CARIBBEAN.md — geschikt voor beleidsstukken, aanbestedingsdocumentatie en parlementaire of ministeriële toetsing.

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